Origin of Islam (week 6)

Topic: The Origins and Spread of Islam

Spread of Islam

Learning Goal:
Students will analyze the founding of Islam and its expansion.

Student Success will be Evaluated by:

• I can explain the life of Muhammad and the founding of Islam.
• I can describe the Five Pillars of Islam.
• I can analyze how Islam spread across the Eastern Hemisphere.

origin
 

Vocabulary

    Lesson Plan Approach: QSSA  

    Question: How did the Five Pillars shape          Muslim society?

     Stem: The Five Pillars shaped Muslim       society by________.

   Signal: Thumbs up when ready.

    Share: Small group discussion on the five key practices of Islam and how they guide Muslim life.

• Assess: Students will complete exit tickets answering the following three questions:
1. Who was Muhammad, and why is he important to Islam?
2. How did Islam spread across different regions of the world?

   

   Pillars

   Vocabulary: Upon introducing the vocabulary, the teacher emphasized the importance of learning key words as part of the reading process. The explicit teaching of vocabulary is most effective right before students read a text selection. "Teaching words well involves helping students make connections between their prior knowledge and the vocabulary they will encounter in the text by writing the word, practicing saying it in a student-friendly way, connecting it to background knowledge, and asking questions about the word" (Kopp & Reilly, 2017).          Muhammad – The prophet and founder of Islam.

Qur'an – The holy book of Islam.

Mecca – The birthplace of Muhammad and the holiest city in Islam.

Five Pillars – The five core practices of Islam.

Caliph – A leader of the Muslim community after Muhammad’s death.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Students' Notes: Important Facts

• Islam is one of the world’s major religions. It began in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula and quickly spread across the Eastern Hemisphere.
• Islam’s central figure is Muhammad, whom Muslims believe to be the last prophet of God.
• The holy book of Islam is the Qur’an, which contains the teachings revealed to Muhammad.
• Muslims follow the Five Pillars of Islam, which are the core beliefs and practices of their faith.
• Islam spread rapidly through conquest, trade, and cultural exchange.

Noticeable Strategies:
Based on Kopp & Reilly's (2017) strategy for reading for information standards, the teacher focused on the standard: "Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it. Determine central ideas or themes of a text, analyze their development, and summarize the key supporting details and ideas."  

  Islam’s Beginnings
Islam is one of the world’s major religions. It began in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula and quickly spread across the Eastern Hemisphere.
Islam’s central figure is Muhammad, whom Muslims believe to be the last prophet of God.
The holy book of Islam is the Qur’an, which contains the teachings revealed to Muhammad.
Muslims follow the Five Pillars of Islam, which are the core beliefs and practices of their faith.
Islam spread rapidly through conquest, trade, and cultural exchange.

 

Modeling      

Life of Muhammad and the Founding of Islam

• Muhammad was born around 570 CE in Mecca, an important trading city in the Arabian Peninsula.
• He worked as a merchant and was known for his honesty and wisdom.
• Around age 40, Muhammad received revelations from Allah (God) through the angel Gabriel. These revelations were recorded in the Qur’an.
• Muhammad taught that there was only one God and that people should live righteously.
• Many leaders in Mecca opposed his teachings because they worshiped many gods and feared losing power.
• In 622 CE, Muhammad and his followers fled to Medina in an event called the Hijra. This event marks the start of the Islamic calendar.
• Islam grew stronger in Medina, and Muhammad and his followers later returned to Mecca, where the city accepted Islam.
• By the time of Muhammad’s death in 632 CE, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam

Spread of Islam

• After Muhammad’s death, leadership of the Muslim community passed to a caliph, or successor.
• The first four caliphs, called the "Rightly Guided Caliphs," expanded Islam into Persia, Egypt, and Syria.
• The Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties helped spread Islam further through military conquests and trade.
• Merchants and travelers carried Islam along trade routes, such as the Silk Road and the Indian Ocean trade network.
• Islam spread to North Africa, Spain, Central Asia, India, and Southeast Asia.
• Many people adopted Islam because they admired its message of equality and justice.

Enclosure of Harem Mosque

Prince praying

The Five Pillars of Islam 

The Five Pillars of Islam
Muslims follow five key practices known as the Five Pillars of Islam. These pillars are essential to their faith and daily lives:

1. Shahada (Faith) – This is the declaration of faith: "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His prophet." Muslims believe that by saying this with sincerity, they affirm their belief in Islam.
2. Salat (Prayer) – Muslims pray five times a day, facing the holy city of Mecca. These prayers occur at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and night. Prayer helps Muslims connect with God and reminds them to live righteously.
3. Zakat (Charity) – Muslims are required to give a portion of their wealth to those in need. This act of charity helps promote social justice and ensures that everyone in the community is cared for.
4. Sawm (Fasting during Ramadan) – During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Fasting is a way to develop self-discipline and empathy for those who are less fortunate.
5. Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) – If they are physically and financially able, Muslims must travel to Mecca at least once in their lifetime. The Hajj is a religious journey that brings Muslims from all over the world together in worship.

These Five Pillars provide a strong foundation for Muslim life and unite believers in their faith.

Works  Cited: 

Works cited: 

Kopp, K., & Reilly, A. L. (2017). Teaching social studies today. Shell Education.

‌The Five Pillars of Islam. (2019). The Met; The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/learn/educators/curriculum-resources/art-of-the-islamic-world/unit-one/the-five-pillars-of-islam

. Portrait of Prince Muhammad Buland Akhtar, known as Achhe Sahib, at Prayer: Folio from an album,

17th century; painter: Hujraj; India; ink and opaque watercolor on paper; 13 1/16 x 9 in. (33.2 x 22.9 cm); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1925 (25.138.2)

. Folio from the Futuh al-Haramain (Description of the Holy Cities), mid-16th century; by Muhi al-Din Lari; Turkey; ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper; 8 3/8 x 5 3/4 in. (21.3 x 13.3 cm); The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1932 (32.131)